The 1636-1637 Pequot War and its aftermath were formative events in the making of New England and North America. His chapter will summarise the ongoing modern Pequot genocide debate, narrate the cataclysm in detail, provide quantitative estimates of its death toll, discuss dispersal and enslavement as a genocidal strategy, reevaluate colonists’ culpability, reconsider pre-genocide Pequot population estimates, and explain how this catastrophe constituted genocide under the 1948 United Nations Genocide Convention. Dr. Madley is an historian of Native America, the United States, and colonialism in world history.